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Used to (exppressing past habit)


Used to express a past situation or habit that no longer exist at present
Used to  + present verb
  1. I used to eat bread for my breakfast. Now I eat rice for my breakfast
  2. I didn’t used to drink  tea in my breakfast. Now I drink tea in my breakfast
  3. Rio used sleep late, but he doesn’t any more
  4. Did you used to live in the downtown


Make sentence that indicate  past habit with the statement given 

  • When I was in Central Java I played “gamelan”. Now I don’t play it
I………………
  • When I was teenager I slept late.
I……………..
  • When I was student I did some homeworks at night.
I………………..
  • When jane was kid She was shy. Now she is not shy.
Jane……………….
  • When they were in Jogja they visited Malioboro
They………….

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Simple past



She got up at 7Oclock yesterday }
Tania walked to school yesterday}
He in invited me to his house        }
*Verb + ed          Past tense
Now compare : I did’t walked to school yesterday
                        Did Joe walk to school yesterday?
Note: In negative and interogative we use verb as in simple present
Final –ed is pronounced /d/ after voiced sound example:
-played
-cleaned
-robbed
Final –ed is pronounced /ed/ after t or d example:
-wanted
-needed


Simple form
Simple past
Past participle
Arise
Be
Bear
Beat
Become
Begin
Bend
Bet
bid
Arose
Was, were
Bore
Beat
Became
Began
Bent
Bet
bid
Arisen
Been
Borne/born
Beaten/beat
Become
Begun
Bent
Bet
bid


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Modals 1




Modal auxilaries generally express speakers’ attitudes. Modal can express that speakers fell something is necessary, advisable, permissible, possible, or probable. Each modal has more than one meaning or use
Expressing capability
Can
Could
She can do it         : Correct.
But She cans do it : incorrect
I could swim five years a go : correct
I could swam five years a go: incorrect
Expressing polite request
May
Could
Can
May I open the door?
Could you past the salt?
Can you lift the box?*
*Can you is often used informally. It usually sound less polite than could you
Expressing necessity
Must
Have to/Has to
You must to talk to Hary
I have to go now!. I have a meeting
She has to submit her assignment
*Must usually stronger than have to and can indicate urgency or stress importance. Have to is used more commonly than must.
Have to = Has to and past form Had to
Expressing Lack of necessity

Don’t have to
Must not

You don’t have to study tonight
You must not eat the food
*Don’t have to: lack of necessity
 Must not       : prohibition ( do not do it )
Expressing advisability
Should
Ought to
Had better
You should read the book =(“this is a good idea”) read the book
You ought to read the book
You had better see the doctor
*Should and ought to has same meaning. The meaning ranges in strength fro a suggestion
Had better implies a warning or a threat of possible bad consequences.


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